Fraenkel, Ernst

Ernst Fraenkel (December 26, 1898 – March 28, 1975) was a German-Jewish lawyer and political scientist. Prior to World War II, Fraenkel served as a criminal defence lawyer for Jews who were targeted by the Nazi regime. During the war, he authored the book The Dual State on the political structure of the Nazi regime and subsequently became one of the founding fathers of German political science.

During the Weimar Republic, Fraenkel was a member of the social democrats and one of the few jurists who held socialist opinions. According to some historians[like whom?] in the 1930s he was designated to be Attorney General of a possible social-democratic German government. In 1939 he immigrated to the United States where he began to develop his respect for the politics of that country, especially its pluralism and its checks and balances.

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